3. Phonetics

A key aspect of any language is its physical reality in the world: how we transmit linguistic signals from one person to another. This chapter explores this physical reality by looking at the body parts used for language, how they move to create a linguistic signal, and how linguists categorize, describe, and notate these physical properties so they can record and access information about a language.

When you’ve completed this chapter, you’ll be able to:

  • identify the locations and functions of parts of the human anatomy relevant to the articulation of spoken and signed languages,
  • provide articulatory descriptions of phones, and
  • identify the meanings of many common symbols from the International Phonetic Alphabet.

Contents

3.1 Language modality

3.2 Speech articulators

3.3 Describing consonants: Place

3.4 Describing consonants: Manner

3.5 Describing vowels

3.6 The International Phonetic Alphabet

3.7 Syllables